Synaptic Of Alzheimer s Disease Essay - 980 Words

and synapses to prevent amyloidosis and inhibit further aggregation56. In the CNS, nonneuronal cell linages like astrocytes have been reported to have an elevated level of HSPs to target misfolded protein degradation53. However, a major gap in the field is the lack of any such reports about the extracellular chaperons in the protection of CNS and neuronal structure and function. Although not fully understood, but it has been reported that different cells have different susceptibility to proteotoxic stress. The unfolded protein response evoked by cells in response to proteotoxic stress involves an orchestered functioning of the proteostasis pathways57. Neuronal cells and cell of the central nervous system bear an increased risk of being burdened by misfolded protein aggregates under stress or disease conditions. For example, dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra in case of Parkinson’s disease, motor neurons in the motor cortex and spinal cord in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, cholinergic neurons in the hippocampus and entorhinal cortex in case of Alzheimer’s disease, are those cells with greater susceptibility in comparison to other cells51. One way of looking at this is to explore the difference in terms of the expression of the proteostasis components in these cells, and that of the pathological marker proteins like amyloid-ÃŽ ², ÃŽ ±-synuclein, Lewy body, huntingtin and bunnina bodies51. A comparison of deficiencies or abnormal expression pattern of proteostasisShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Treadmill Running On Alzheimer Disease942 Words   |  4 Pagesthe cognitive decline due to Alzheimer Disease. The st udy reviewed in this paper by Jinkyung et. al set out to determine if exercise can prevent cognitive decline in the early and late stages of Alzheimer Disease. Benefits to using exercise as a non-pharmacological method of offsetting the effects of this disease include little to no side effects for the patient; low cost to patient and health care system; exercise may have a preventative factor to Alzheimer Disease, unlike pharmacological treatmentsRead MoreGene And Microglia Mediate Early Synapse Loss Essay1449 Words   |  6 PagesIn the primary research article given to us titled â€Å"Complement and microglia mediate early synapse loss in Alzheimer mouse models† it talks about a study about the causes of Alzheimer’s disease in mice. Alzheimer’s is believed to be caused by multiple factors. One of these are called complement proteins. According to the University of Washington, they are a group of around 20 different proteins that assist with fighting infection s. Complement proteins are found in our blood and they assist in fightingRead MoreCognitive Impairment Of Alzheimer s Disease1313 Words   |  6 Pagesdeveloping Alzheimer’s disease (AD) compared to the normal population, it is not necessary to classify patients as having MCI until they develop any further preclinical AD symptoms (Petersen et al., 1999). The diagnostic criteria for MCI includes: (1) impaired in memory that is greater than expected for age and general cognition is not effected (2) capable of performing daily activities and (3) not demented (Albert et al., 2011; Petersen et al., 1999). Alzheimer’s Disease criteria requires: (1)Read MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Alzheimer s Disease1930 Words   |  8 Pagesneurodegenerative disorder Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is currently the most common cause of dementia and affects millions of people around the world. ¹ There are multiple risk factors associated with AD, including genetic factors, hypertension , diet and most significantly, age. Individuals over the age of 65 are most vulnerable to the disease and at this point, the risk increases every 5 years. ¹ Alzheimer’s Disease was first described over 100 years ago by Alois Alzheimer in Germany, characterising the firstRead MoreAlzheimer s Disease Detected By Alzheimer Mouse Models1181 Words   |  5 PagesAlzheimer’s disease Detected in an Earlier Stage The biological field is in constant investigation and there are new findings all the time. Science is so exciting that writers, educators and publishers want to make it available and understandable to everyone. Being this the case, people generate easy accessible websites with the intention to inspire others to acquire knowledge of what’s new in science, so they include the new findings, most of the time from journal reports of PhD students or a teamRead MoreImplications Of Improper Protein Folding1595 Words   |  7 PagesImplications of Improper Protein Folding in Alzheimer ’s Disease Stephen Sewell Schreiner University Dr. McGinnis Biochemistry Fall 2012 Abstract This paper is a brief review of the understanding of Alzheimer’s as it is generally seen today in the medical field, by scientists, physicians, and other healthcare providers alike. It examines the main hypothesis for the pathogenesis of the disease and the physical changes that the disease causes to the brain. The paper will then detailRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Alzheimer s Disease1063 Words   |  5 Pageshelp the effects of Alzheimer’s disease, many of these treat the symptoms but not the cause. One specific medication, cholinesterase inhibitors is not fully understood but it is believed to help decrease the breakdown of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter (About Alzheimer s Disease: Treatment, n.d.). Cholinesterase is both beneficial in it’s aid in treatment and not— this medicine over time causes neurons not to produce as much acetylcholine (About Alzheimer s Disease: Treatment, n.d.). This drug worksRead MoreAlzheimer s Disease ( Ad ) Essay11 12 Words   |  5 Pages Alzheimer disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia in the elderly, accounting for 65–70% of all cases (Jellinger, Janetzky, Attems, Kienzl, 2008). The other dementias are of the Parkinson s group, the fronto-temporal group and the vascular group. The total worldwide yearly costs for the treatment and care of patients suffering from dementia are estimated to be around 250 billion US dollars. The lifetime risk for AD between the ages of 65 and 100 is 33% for men and 45% for women withRead MoreThe Pathology Of Alzheimer s Disease1224 Words   |  5 PagesA neurodegenerative disease is when the central nervous system progressively deteriorates thus causing nervous system dysfunction. Neurodegenerative conditions are characterised by the change in the neurone function within the brain cells. Alzheimers disease(AD) can be classified as a neurodegenerative disorder, (Griffin W.S.T 2006). The pathology of alzheimer’s disease has been desc ribed as a person having neural plaques within the brain, they are made up of high levels of protein ÃŽ ²-amyloid, andRead MoreThe Disease Of Alzheimer s Disease1385 Words   |  6 PagesThe disease stem cells could fix is called Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). The reason I chose this topic is because I have seen first hand how badly someone who suffers from Alzheimer’s Disease is affected in their daily lives. This disease completely takes over their lives and they turn into a completely different person who can hardly function. AD is very tough on the loved ones of the person suffering from it because that person, most of the time has no idea what is going on or who their loved ones